His past research interests include identifying molecular , Health (5 days ago) WebShe then joined the MCDB department at the University of Michigan in 2012. Program in Biology | U-M LSA [211] In 2012, the United Nations estimated that there were 316,600 living centenarians (humans of age 100 or older) worldwide. of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University. As a member of the bioinformatics team, she analyzes single cell RNA-sequencing data. [151][152] Humans have about 2 million sweat glands spread over their entire bodies, many more than chimpanzees, whose sweat glands are scarce and are mainly located on the palm of the hand and on the soles of the feet. ", "Advances in pubertal growth and factors influencing it: Can we increase pubertal growth? [207][208] There are significant geographical variations in human life expectancy, mostly correlated with economic development for example, life expectancy at birth in Hong Kong is 87.6years for girls and 81.8 for boys, while in the Central African Republic, it is 55.0years for girls and 50.6 for boys. findings to address some of society's greatest challenges. Among the 23 pairs of chromosomes, there are 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. [451] There are massive inequalities in the division of wealth among humans; the eight richest humans are worth the same monetary value as the poorest half of all the human population. Students need not have completed all of the major prerequisites to declare, but should have completed the introductory biology sequence Advisory , https://sph.umich.edu/admissions/courses/course.php?courseID=PUBHLTH200, Health (3 days ago) WebElli received her B.S. [18][19] Though fossils from the transition are scarce, the earliest members of Homo share several key traits with Australopithecus. [111] In the 1930s, a worldwide economic crisis led to the rise of authoritarian regimes and a Second World War, involving almost all of the world's countries. Vesicles and Vacuoles, Lysosomes, and Peroxisomes, 27. WebDinesh Pal, Ph.D. (dineshp@med.umich.edu) Associate Professor. [421][422] In some other societies, non-binary is used as an umbrella term for a range of gender identities that are not solely male or female. ", "Q&A: What is human language, when did it evolve and why should we care? She then joined the MCDB department at the University of Michigan in 2012. [442] Many countries have formed international political organizations and alliances, the largest being the United Nations with 193 member states. Majors and Minors | U-M LSA U-M College of LSA The courses are organized to assist the student to prepare for several of the examinations of the Casualty Actuarial Society and the Society of Actuaries. [122], Humans are one of the most adaptable species, despite having a low or narrow tolerance for many of the earth's extreme environments. [444] Evidence suggests early H. sapiens made use of long-distance trade routes to exchange goods and ideas, leading to cultural explosions and providing additional food sources when hunting was sparse, while such trade networks did not exist for the now extinct Neanderthals. [317], Emotional experiences perceived as pleasant, such as joy, interest or contentment, contrast with those perceived as unpleasant, like anxiety, sadness, anger, and despair. All rights reserved | Email: [emailprotected]. Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology. His goal was to determine how to maximize bone growth which could ultimately translate into the development of more successful spinal fusion surgeries. [377] The technology became much more sophisticated about 1.8 million years ago,[376] with the controlled use of fire beginning around 1million years ago. The National List of University of Michigan alumni - Wikipedia To find more recent information on an alumnus, you must log into the Alumni Association website to search their online directory. Cities with over 10 million inhabitants as of 2018. Biology, Health, and Society (BHS) Major Requirements - U-M The last split, between the human and chimpanzeebonobo lineages, took place around 84 million years ago, in the late Miocene epoch. [101] This expansion led to the Atlantic slave trade[102] and the genocide of Native American peoples. [136] Human population is believed to have reached one billion in 1800. WebThere are eight majors and two minors offered through the Program in Biology (some with other departments' participation). [209][210] The developed world is generally aging, with the median age around 40 years. Alex hails from Sydney, Australia, where he gained his PhD studying how immune cells like macrophages and eosinophils regulate inflammation and metabolism. Following his gap year, Sam plans to pursue a medical degree at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine beginning in August 2022. Students need not have completed all of the major prerequisites to declare, but should have completed the introductory biology sequence [319][320] Others see it as an appraisal of life satisfaction or quality of life. [9], Despite the fact that the word animal is colloquially used as an antonym for human,[10] and contrary to a common biological misconception, humans are animals. Passive Transport: Facilitated Transport, 87. Dinesh Pal, Ph.D. (dineshp@med.umich.edu), Michigan Neuroscience Institute, Affiliate, Brian Silverstein, Ph.D. (briansi@med.umich.edu), Emma Huels, B.S. [176] In 2012 the International HapMap Project had compared the genomes of 1,184 individuals from 11 populations and identified 1.6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. [400], An aspect unique to humans is their ability to transmit knowledge from one generation to the next and to continually build on this information to develop tools, scientific laws and other advances to pass on further. capacity to contribute to the well-being of our nation and the world. Lucas Junginger, Research Laboratory Specialist. [28], The "out of Africa" migration took place in at least two waves, the first around 130,000 to 100,000 years ago, the second (Southern Dispersal) around 70,000 to 50,000 years ago. var d = new Date(); [360], Evidence of humans engaging in musical activities predates cave art and so far music has been practiced by virtually all known human cultures. [78][79] In Africa, the Kingdom of Aksum overtook the declining Kingdom of Kush and facilitated trade between India and the Mediterranean. [381] The continued improvements in smelting allowed forging of copper, bronze, iron and eventually steel, which is used in railways, skyscrapers and many other products. [435][436][437], As farming populations gathered in larger and denser communities, interactions between these different groups increased. [293] Despite centuries of analyses, definitions, explanations and debates by philosophers and scientists, consciousness remains puzzling and controversial,[294] being "at once the most familiar and most mysterious aspect of our lives". After graduating from the University of Michigan's School of Kinesiology in 2021 with a B.S. [22] H. erectus also was the first to evolve a characteristically human body plan. [260][261] These non-African populations acquired new genetic inputs from local admixture with archaic populations and have much greater variation from Neanderthals and Denisovans than is found in Africa,[178] though Neanderthal admixture into African populations may be underestimated. See List of University of Michigan business alumni. She graduated from the University of Michigan in 2020 where she double majored in Biochemistry and Earth & Environmental Science. Prior to joining the Orthopaedic Surgery faculty at the University of Michigan, Dr. Maerz was a research engineer and the director of sports medicine research at Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak, MI and held an Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery appointment at the Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine. [246][247], There is relatively little variation between human geographical populations, and most of the variation that occurs is at the individual level. [94] Meanwhile, Japan entered the Edo period,[95] the Qing dynasty rose in China[96] and the Mughal Empire ruled much of India. Though humans vary in many traits (such as genetic predispositions and physical features), any two humans are at least 99% genetically similar. [347][348] Human language also has the capacity of displacement, using words to represent things and happenings that are not presently or locally occurring but reside in the shared imagination of interlocutors. [456] War has had a high cost on human life; it is estimated that during the 20th century, between 167 million and 188 million people died as a result of war.[457]. They are apex predators, being rarely preyed upon by other species. [153], It is estimated that the worldwide average height for an adult human male is about 171cm (5ft 7in), while the worldwide average height for adult human females is about 159cm (5ft 3in). ", "Beliefs about God, the afterlife and morality support the role of supernatural policing in human cooperation", "Scientific and Religious Beliefs about the Origin of Life and Life after Death: Validation of a Scale", "Complex societies evolved without belief in all-powerful deity", "Measuring religiousness in health research: review and critique", "Religion: why faith is becoming more and more popular", "Christians remain world's largest religious group, but they are declining in Europe", "A Very Human Story: Why Our Species Is Special", "History of science: The first scientist", "A History of Western Philosophy and its Connection with Political and Social Circumstances from the Earliest Times to the Present Day", "What is the Difference Between Philosophy, Science, and Religion? In addition, each student must complete two introductory courses in Economics (Econ 101 and 102), and acquire a working knowledge of a high-level computer language (e.g. Michigan alumnus Jeffrey Seller has produced two Pulitzer Prize winning plays on Broadway: As of 2021, Michigan has matriculated 30 Rhodes Scholars. During her PhD, she will explore the roles of thrombospondin and R-spondin/Wnt signaling in joint injury and development. Lucas' undergraduate research focused on the development of a Drosophila model of axonal injury at the neuromuscular junction. Of those alumni, 4 have been awarded the Eckert-Mauchly Award (out of the 42 total awards granted), the most prestigious award for contributions to computer architecture. [165][166], While no humans not even monozygotic twins are genetically identical,[167] two humans on average will have a genetic similarity of 99.5%-99.9%. Historically it is associated with introspection, private thought, imagination and volition. He was awarded the Rome Prize in Literature for Punishment, an Index., Jerry Newport (BA Mathematics), author with, Michael Sekora (BS 1977), founder and director of, This page was last edited on 24 July 2023, at 03:30. [413] Major fields of philosophy include metaphysics, epistemology, logic, and axiology (which includes ethics and aesthetics). WebThe human biology major is designed for students who want a broad background in the biological sciences and who want to understand the interrelationships among these fields. [292], Human consciousness, at its simplest, is sentience or awareness of internal or external existence. Levels of Organization of Living Things, 10. African American pioneers in the field of Mathematics. Current Lab Members. [362][363] There are various hypotheses as to why humans have adapted to the arts. A campus plaza was named for McDivitt and White in 1965 to honor their accomplishments on the Gemini IV spacewalk. His work in the Maerz lab focuses on the mechanobiology of synovial fibrosis and the response of synovial fibroblasts to modulated mechanical ECM characteristics in PTOA. Criminals, murderers, and infamous newsmakers, Fellows of the American Mathematical Society. [410] Philosophical inquiry has been a major feature in the development of humans' intellectual history. [93], The early modern period in Europe and the Near East (c.14501800) began with the final defeat of the Byzantine Empire, and the rise of the Ottoman Empire. WebMHCC Biology 112: Biology for Health Professions by Lisa Bartee is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. [342] Other traits and behaviors that are mostly unique to humans include starting fires,[343] phoneme structuring[344] and vocal learning. [323][324] Sexual desire, or libido, is a basic mental state present at the beginning of sexual behavior. [144][145], Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology. [131], Estimates of the population at the time agriculture emerged in around 10,000 BC have ranged between 1 million and 15 million. [452], Humans commit violence on other humans at a rate comparable to other primates, but have an increased preference for killing adults, infanticide being more common among other primates. Basic courses consist of one from each of the following groupscompleted with a grade of at least C-: More advanced students, such as those who have completed Math 396, may substitute higher level courses with the approval of a departmental advisor. This site uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic. Traditionally this has been explained by conflicting, last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees, short stature and stocky build in cold regions, variation exists between males and females, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, practiced by virtually all known human cultures, international political organizations and alliances, "We don't know which species should be classed as 'human', "Know Thyself: Responsible Science and the Lectotype of Homo sapiens Linnaeus, 1758", "Misconceptions about evolution Understanding Evolution", University of Missouri School of Medicine, "Molecular phylogeny of the hominoids: inferences from multiple independent DNA sequence data sets", "Human Chromosome 2 is a fusion of two ancestral chromosomes", "Hominin Taxonomy and Phylogeny: What's In A Name? PhD Student. [332], Humanity's unprecedented set of intellectual skills were a key factor in the species' eventual technological advancement and concomitant domination of the biosphere. Students are strongly encouraged to meet with an advisor to plan their path through the major. Book Description: Biology textbook based on the OpenStax biology book. Humans are sexually dimorphic: generally, males have greater body strength and females have a higher body fat percentage. [424] As a social construct,[425] gender roles are not fixed and vary historically within a society. [290] Dreamers are more likely to remember the dream if awakened during the REM phase. Humans can survive for up to eight weeks without food and several days without water. Winner of 2022, Jessica Hollander (BA 2004), author of the Katherine Anne Porter Prize winning story collection In These Times the Home is a Tired Place (2013) and the chapbook Mythical Places (2019) Sonders Press, Tung-Hui Hu, Hu, a 1998 graduate in comparative literature, is an associate professor in English at the University of Michigan. [364] The use of imagination developed through art, combined with logic may have given early humans an evolutionary advantage. Visual art can range from paintings and sculptures to film, interaction design and architecture. [61] The development of more complex tools and technologies allowed land to be cultivated and animals to be domesticated, thus proving essential in the development of agriculture what is known as the Neolithic Revolution. This change in diet may also have altered human biology; with the spread of dairy farming providing a new and rich source of food, leading to the evolution of the ability to digest lactose in some adults. The most commonly defined body systems in humans are the nervous, the cardiovascular, the digestive, the endocrine, the immune, the integumentary, the lymphatic, the musculoskeletal, the reproductive, the respiratory, and the urinary system. NOTE: The University of Michigan Alumni Directory is no longer printed, as of 2004. Contact: tmaerz@med.umich.edu | (734) 936-2566. These can be a common set of traditions, ancestry, language, history, society, culture, nation, religion, or social treatment within their residing area. Moreover, these courses have important prerequisites; thus, careful planning is essential. Since the inaugural class in 1949, Harvard, Yale, Berkeley, Columbia, and the University of Michigan have been the top producers of U.S. Student Program scholars. In some cases, dietary restrictions in humans can lead to deficiency diseases; however, stable human groups have adapted to many dietary patterns through both genetic specialization and cultural conventions to use nutritionally balanced food sources. ", "The Evolutionary History of the Australopiths", "From Australopithecus to Homo: the transition that wasn't", "Paleoanthropology. "[232] Obesity is caused by consuming more calories than are expended, so excessive weight gain is usually caused by an energy-dense diet. Agriculture and sedentary lifestyle led to the emergence of early civilizations. Throughout See List of University of Michigan sporting alumni. [268][269] On average, men have about 4050% more upper body strength and 2030% more lower body strength than women at the same weight, due to higher amounts of muscle and larger muscle fibers. A great ape characterized by their hairlessness, bipedalism, and high intelligence, humans have a large brain and resulting cognitive skills that enable them to thrive in varied environments and develop complex societies and civilizations. Olivia is a junior majoring in biomedical engineering with a minor in computer science. Like other mammals, humans have an XY sex-determination system, so that females have the sex chromosomes XX and males have XY. Humans have characteristically crowded teeth, with gaps from lost teeth usually closing up quickly in young individuals. Psychologists have developed intelligence tests and the concept of intelligence quotient in order to assess the relative intelligence of human beings and study its distribution among population. White spotting: When there's more than two alleles, 92. [287], During sleep humans dream, where they experience sensory images and sounds. attract the finest minds in academia and the public and private sectors. [309], Emotions are biological states associated with the nervous system[310][311] brought on by neurophysiological changes variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure. [243] Skin darkening may have evolved as protection against ultraviolet solar radiation. Alexa is a junior at the University of Michigan and has been working in the Maerz lab since January of 2021. [231], There is biological variation in the human species with traits such as blood type, genetic diseases, cranial features, facial features, organ systems, eye color, hair color and texture, height and build, and skin color varying across the globe. discussions that take place at hundreds of conferences, workshops, It may be 'awareness', or 'awareness of awareness', or self-awareness. Since the conferral of his Masters, he has continued to study chemokine expression in joint tissues following mouse ACL rupture. [423], Gender roles are often associated with a division of norms, practices, dress, behavior, rights, duties, privileges, status, and power, with men enjoying more rights and privileges than women in most societies, both today and in the past. [141] Problems for humans living in cities include various forms of pollution and crime,[142] especially in inner city and suburban slums. any given year, the National Academies convene hundreds of conferences, Emotion has a significant influence on human behavior and their ability to learn. [174], The human genome was first sequenced in 2001[175] and by 2020 hundreds of thousands of genomes had been sequenced. Fortran, C or C++) at a level equivalent to completion of EECS 183. With a career interest in Academic Orthopaedic Surgery, Rachel took a leave from the Medical School to spend a year in the Maerz lab to learn basic science laboratory techniques and conduct her own project, studying sex differences in PTOA utilizing the lab's non-invasive murine model of ACL rupture.