Olwell, Robert. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27575199, Hyrne Family: Mabel L. Webber The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. Northampton Plantation: St. Julien, Moultrie, As a young woman, she married Henry Jacobs, a free man of color in another county. Slavery | South Carolina Encyclopedia John Colcock and Some of His Descendants: A. S. Salley, Jr. Over time, slaves negotiated rights and customs that allowed them to build close-knit communities and develop family bonds. Richmond Plantation: Palmer In 1800-1802 the man April was documented as owned by William Ellison of Fairfield County, the son of Robert Ellison, a planter. Reprint, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1995. In the latter vein, a "9 Facts About Slavery They Don't Want You to Know" meme laysouta mixture of true, false and misleading historical claims. Plantation: Sinkler This area was rapidly being developed for cotton plantations of short-staple cotton. Africans were present at the founding of the English colony in South Carolina and within several decades became a majority. In areas where the black population was less dense, the practical result was more equality between white males and females in terms of miscegenation, although it was never entirely acceptable, and nearly everywhere white females were punished by the eighteenth century. List of plantations in South Carolina - Wikipedia Oak Island: Seabrook Seabrook The search for enslaved ancestors requires research in the records of slaveholding families. He took a wife at the age of 21. We thank and cherish the volunteers who have worked so hard to make these records searchable in a free collection. WebDuring the antebellum era the majority of slaves lived on plantations claiming more than twenty slaves, while the majority of slaveholders owned far fewer than twenty slaves. Ferguson, Leland. Cotton gins were in demand, integral to the profitable processing of short-staple cotton. Both had basket-weaving traditions, and both were skilled in the use of small watercraft on inland rivers. Where there was a great disproportion of blacks to whites, black concubinage seemed to be more often acceptable. Limerick Plantation River Side Plantation: Bailey Hopsewee Plantation - Georgetown, SC Facebook/Hopsewee Plantation In their "cellar to attic" tour you'll get to explore every bit of this grand old rice plantation home, 3 (Jul., 1905), pp. Cooper River Plantation: Mougin Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Slave men and women were often married and lived in monogamous relationships, although strictures against premarital sex were often not closely adhered to in the slave communities. SC Plantation, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~ajac/scbeaufort.htm, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~ajac/sccolleton.htm, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~ajac/scfairfield.htm, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~ajac/scgeorgetown.htm, http://www.geocities.com/frankoclark/civwar/losses.html. English ethnocentrism was such that the English assumed superiority in the face of practically everyone they met, and Africans were no exception. Published by: South Carolina Historical Society. London: Routledge, 2015. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27575052, Inventory and Division of Slaves, Estate of Benj. 2, No. 5, No. Bleak Hall: Wescott, Townsend In our blog we encourage people to find and share their family histories to make meaningful connections with other peoplepast, present, and future. Cotton Hope: Barnwell 4. Myrtle Grove Plantation: Heyward The expansion of slavery throughout the state led to the full maturity of the slave society in South Carolina. This material may not be reproduced without permission. Gravel Hill Plantation: Pamor/ Palmer Norris Plantation: Youngblood Mintz, Steven. July 1975. African expertise as well as rough pioneer conditions of a new settlement facilitated a degree of sawbuck equality in the seventeenth centurya term derived from the image of a slaveowner working all day sawing wood with his slave, each facing the other on opposite sides of a sawbuck. South Carolina Plantations and Slave Names - OnGenealogy Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. South Carolina Plantations and Slave Names. Old Dominion: Bailey Paul T Gervais, Charleston, SC, 1857, Slaves at the Exchange and Laurels Plantations, Paul T Gervais, SC, 1856, Slaves at Oakley Farm and in Charleston, Estate of Adelaide E. Gibbs, 1859, Slaves at the Rosemont Plantation of Adelaide Gibbs, 1860, Enslaved Ancestors in the Estate of John Gibbes, Colleton, SC, 1814, Slaves in the Estate of Theodore Gourdin, Berkeley County, SC, 1864, Slaves in the Estate of Theodore Gourdin, Georgetown and Williamsburg, SC, 1826, Slaves at the Brick Hope Plantation of A D Graves, Berkeley, SC 1854, Slaves in the Estate of Joshua Grimball, Edisto Island, SC, 1758, Slaves in the Estate of John Grimball, in Families, 4 Africans Noted, 1806, Slaves in the Estate of Jacob Guerard, Bees Creek, Beaufort, SC, 1823, Slaves in the Estate of George Paddon Bond Hasell, Charleston and Union, SC, 1819, 1,648 Slaves in the Estate of Nathaniel Heyward, Charleston, SC, 1851, Slaves in the Estate of Henry M. Holmes, Berkeley, SC, 1854, Slaves at Washington Plantation, Berkeley, South Carolina, 1860, 416 Slaves, Estate of Thomas Horry, Charleston and Georgetown, SC, 1820, Slaves at the Clydesdale Plantation of D E Huger, Beaufort, SC, 1855, Slaves in the Estate of John Huger, St. Lukes Parish, Beaufort, SC, 1853, Slaves in the Estate Sale of Alfred Huger, Jr., Charleston, SC, 1857, Slaves at Cat Island and Bluff Plantations of Alexander Hume, 1849, Slaves at the Cat Island Plantation of Thomas W. Hume, Charleston, SC, 1861, 213 Slaves in the Estate of Jacob Bond Ion, Charleston, SC, 1797, Estate Inventory of Richard Jenkins, Wadmalaw Island, Charleston District and St. Helena Island, Beaufort District, SC, 1857, Estate Inventory of Richard Jenkins, Wadmalaw Island, Charleston, SC, 1857, 117 Slaves in the Estate of Micah J. Jenkins, Charleston, SC, 1852, Slaves in the Estate of Benjamin J. Johnson, Charleston, SC, 1861, Sale of 101 Slaves in the Estate of B.F. Johnson, Charleston, SC, 1862, Slaves at Foot Point Plantation, Estate of D. G. Joye, Beaufort, SC, 1851, Sale of Slaves in the Estate of Daniel G Joye, Charleston, SC, 1853, Enslaved Ancestors in the Estate of Newman Kershaw, Charleston, SC, 1841, Slaves in the Estate of Mitchell King, Charleston, SC and Chatham, GA, 1863, Slaves in the Estate of Mary LaRoche, Johns Island and Wadmalaw Island, SC, 1842, Slaves at the Farmfield Plantation of Margaret Laurens, 1859, Slaves at the Point Comfort Plantation of Keating S Laurens, Charleston, SC, 1854, Slaves in the Estate of Thomas Legare, Charleston and Orangeburg, SC, 1843, Slaves in the Estate of Aaron Loocock, Richland and Charleston, SC, 1794, Inventory & Division of Slaves in the Estate of James Lowndes, Colleton, SC, 1839, Sale of 96 Slaves in the Estate of Edward Lowndes, Charleston, SC, 1853, Slaves at Hopsewee Plantation, Santee River, Georgetown, SC, 1854, African Children in the Estate of James Mackie, Charleston, SC, 1806, Slaves at the White Oak and Ogilvie Plantations of Joseph Manigault, Georgetown, SC, 1844, 153 Slaves in the Estate of Francis Marion, Berkeley, SC, 1826, Division of Slaves in the Estate of Francis Marion, Charleston, SC, 1833, 227 Slaves in the Estate of John T. Marshall, Charleston, SC, 1860, Slaves in the Estate of Robert Martin, Barnwell District, 1853, 271 Slaves in the Estate of Wm. April and Matilda had several more children: three sons, Henry (b.c.1816-August 20, 1883), Reuben (b.c.1818-d.May 1864),[6] and William Jr. (July 19, 1819 July 24, 1904);[5] and daughters Maria[7] and Mary Elizabeth (June 11, 1824 September 15, 1852). William Ellison Jr. was named "April" by his master when born into slavery about 1790 on a plantation near Winnsboro, South Carolina. Miles Brewton and Some of His Descendants: A. S. Salley, Jr. (J.W.) Buck Hall Plantation Thanks for visiting! Rabbit Point: Baynon 205-240. Plantation: Hammond When Congress passed (and the states ratified) the 13th Amendment in 1865, it was the culmination of many years of work by that multi-racial movement. Vinegar Hill, Buck Springs Plantation Chronicles of Oklahoma, Vol. Eventually Ellison earned enough to buy land: starting with more than 50 acres (20ha), by 1850 he had increased his holdings to 386 acres (156ha), and established his own cotton plantation. Cherry Hill Plantation Lowcountry South Carolina was distinguished by the task system of labor organization, which allowed slaves time to work for themselves after completion of their daily assignments and permitted some to accumulate property. 7, No. New York: Oxford University Press USA, 2002. 1 (Jan., 1910), pp. In 1765 blacks outnumbered whites by more than two to one (90,000 to 40,000), and Charleston imported more slaves than did any other North American port. Mary Field Plantation: Mougin As transportation improved, more land was given over to cotton and less to foodstuffs, which could be imported. Plantation: Barr, Reed TO FIND SOUTH CAROLINA PLANTATION RECORDS, RootsWeb is funded and supported by Comingtee Plantation Planters needed cotton gins to process their cotton profitably, as the machinery was much more efficient than manual labor. 1 (Jan., 1906), pp. Pine Barren: Whaley Claim Listing. The many ways that slaves resisted the institution of slavery have been major themes of historical literature over the years. Mary's Island: Warren We also provide links to online records for SC slaveholders on Fold3.com. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27575122, Slaves in the Estate of Benjamin J. Johnson, Charleston, SC, 1861 Indexed by Alana Thevenet, Sale of 101 Slaves in the Estate of B.F. Johnson, Charleston, SC, 1862 Indexed by Alana, Slaves at Foot Point Plantation, Estate of D. G. Joye, Beaufort, SC, 1851Indexed by Whitney, Sale of Slaves in the Estate of Daniel G Joye, Charleston, SC, 1853Indexed by Robin Foster, Enslaved Ancestors in the Estate of Newman Kershaw, Charleston, SC, 1841 Indexed by Sheri Fenley, Slaves in the Estate of Mitchell King, Charleston, SC and Chatham, GA, 1863 Indexed by Alana Thevenet, Slaves in the Estate of Mary LaRoche, Johns Island and Wadmalaw Island, SC, 1842 Indexed by Khalisa Jacobs, Slaves in the Estate of Thomas Legare, Charleston and Orangeburg, SC, 1843 Indexed by Khalisa Jacobs, Slaves in the Estate of Aaron Loocock, Richland and Charleston, SC, 1794 Indexed by Karen Meadows-Rogers, Slaves at Hopsewee Plantation, Santee River, Georgetown, SC, 1854 Indexed by Alana, African Children in the Estate of James Mackie, Charleston, SC, 1806 Indexed by Khalisa Jacobs, Slaves at the White Oak and Ogilvie Plantations of Joseph Manigault, Georgetown, SC, 1844 Indexed by Alana, 227 Slaves in the Estate of John T. Marshall, Charleston, SC, 1860 Indexed by Cheryl Palmer, Slaves in the Estate of Robert Martin, Barnwell District, 1853 Indexed by Sheri Fenley, 271 Slaves in the Estate of Wm. Winterdale Plantation: Hamilton, Belvidere [5] In 1850 the sons each held slave women who worked as domestic servants for their families.[7]. Learn more. Middleton Place The records linked Everyday forms of resistance such as work slowdowns and breaking tools were used by slaves in this complicated negotiating system. WebHistorian Ira Berlin has called this the Plantation Generation, noting that South Carolina had become a " slave society ," with slavery central to its economy. Public Landing: Townsend, Murray They sold everything from oysters to peaches, cake to cloth and were not above organizing to control prices. Here, we provide links to online genealogies of South Carolina slaveholders. 11, No. 3 (Jul., 1901), pp. Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in South Carolina, 17901860. Indeed, when buying slaves, Carolinians adopted a preference for people from the rice-producing Senegambia region, and this preference lasted through most of the colonial period, though the vagaries of trade prevented that regions ethnic groups from always dominating importation statistics. Yet to simply say that Europeans purchased people who had already been enslaved seriously distorts historical reality. Extended kin, fictive or otherwise, helped ease the burden of children separated from parents, of wives removed from husbands. Ellison family lore states that John Wilson Buckner was the grandson of Ellison. He converted his cotton plantation to mixed crops to supply food to the cause. Trials of slaves were usually by special courts. (The) The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. 2 (Apr., 1904), pp. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 4 (Oct., 1903), pp. On June 8, 1816, at the age of 26, April was freed by his master William Ellison (likely his father, as April took his name as a free man). During the second half of the eighteenth century, and especially during the Revolutionary crisis, racial attitudes in South Carolina hardened. Published by: South Carolina Historical Society. Cotton production was not as labor intensive as rice production and could be carried out by a man and his family. WebOf the estimated 46,200 plantations existing in 1860, 20,700 had 20 to 30 enslaved people and 2,300 had a workforce of a hundred or more, with the rest somewhere in between. This also resulted in the forced migration of more than one thousand slaves from the Upper South to the Deep South through the domestic slave market, as slaves were sold to develop and labor on the new plantations. 4 (Oct., 1910), pp. St. James Plantation, (Biggers) The demographic disproportion continued. Published by: South Carolina Historical Society. Anthony Johnson was not the first slave owner in American history, but he was, according to historians, among the first to have his lifetime ownership of a servant legally sanctionedby a court. It took years for Ellison to buy his wife and children out of slavery. Slaves were not to be away from a plantation between sunset and sunrise and at no time without the permission of the master or they could be taken up and whipped. The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. Land Records Names & Surnames Slavery & Servitude. 3. Planters bought McCreighton kept his part of the trust, and Maria lived as if she were free. [1] From 1830 to 1865 he and his sons were the only free blacks in Sumter County, South Carolina to own slaves. Cedar Hill Plantation This was in contrast to the lowcountry, where blacks had outnumbered whites since the beginning of the eighteenth century. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection, Oakridge & Ackleburger/Egelburger New York: W. W. Norton, 1986. WebThe 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Williamsburg County, South Carolina (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 1238) reportedly includes a total of 10,259 slaves. Johnson.[5]. 4 March 2013. GPX (secondary coordinates). (The) Moxley/ Moxey Place: Bailey Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1913. 12, No. The invention of the cotton gin at the end of the 18th century led to the widespread cultivation of short-staple cotton across the upland areas of the Deep South, establishing the Black Belt and stimulating widespread changes in land use. The Root. Pimlico Plantation OnGenealogy partners include Google Adsense and MyHeritage.com. Naming practices, particularly sons after fathers (and less often daughters after mothers), served to memorialize connections that might easily be physically sundered by forces over which those enslaved had no control. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Ophir Plantation: Porcher Slavery was eliminated in America via the efforts of people of various ethnicities, including white people, who took up the banner of the abolitionist movement. [11][12], The Ellison family joined the Episcopal Church of the Holy Cross in Stateburg. The manumission laws in South Carolina made it difficult for Ellison and others to free their relatives, especially children. William Ellison Jr. (c.April 1790 December 5, 1861), born April Ellison, was a USA cotton gin maker and blacksmith in South Carolina, and former African-American slave who achieved considerable success as a slaveowner before the American Civil War. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27575354, Enslaved Ancestors in the Estate of Isaac Fickling, Charleston, SC, 1834 Indexed by Felicia R. Mathis, 110 Slaves in the Estate of Eliza Flynn, Colleton County, SC, 1845 Indexed by Toni, Fraser Family Memoranda: A. S. Salley, Jr. [1][2][3], KML The onset of cotton production contributed to a substantial increase in the slave population, and by 1830 the slave population was almost equal to the white population. If you have a genealogy business or resource, we'd love to add you to our listings! True Blue Plantation: Blake This obviously could not be the case for children. In addition, the greatest number of Africanisms surviving in British North American can be found in the Carolina regionin the Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia. 76-90. OnGenealogy uses advertisers and affiliate marketing. Mammoth Arcadia Plantation, Oak Hill Plantation, Prospect Hill Plantation, The names of the white leaders of that movement tend to be better known than those of the Black leaders, among whom were David Walker, Frederick Douglass, Dred Scott, Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, Nat Turner, and many others. The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619-1865. WebSouth Carolina Plantations and Slave Names. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27575298, Slaves at the Brick Hope Plantation of A D Graves, Berkeley, SC 1854 Indexed by Alana, Slaves in the Estate of Jacob Guerard, Bees Creek, Beaufort, SC, 1823 Indexed by Khalisa Jacobs, The Harlestons: Theodore D. Jervey The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. Gates Jr., Henry Louis. The records linked here were indexed by volunteers in the Restore the Ancestors Project. Vol. "How Many Slaves Landed in the U.S.?" Crawford's Plantation: Whaley December 1993. Brick House: Jenkins Ellis Plantation: Elliot His sons also supported the Confederacy and tried to enlist, but were refused because of their race. Plantation [5][16], At his death, Ellison provided for dividing his property, including over 60 slaves, among his surviving daughter Maria and two surviving sons. em>Slate. Indian Field Plantation: Chisolm 56-58. In many parts of South Carolina these Creole slaves had the critical mass to develop societies apart from whites. D.) Erwin's Plantation: Erwin Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981. Mansfield Plantation New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998. A significant number of these free blacks were the owners of slaves.

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